{"id":19056,"date":"2014-10-15T14:22:32","date_gmt":"2014-10-15T20:22:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/?p=19056"},"modified":"2014-10-15T14:22:32","modified_gmt":"2014-10-15T20:22:32","slug":"jews-and-jazz-part-one","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/jews-and-jazz-part-one\/","title":{"rendered":"Jews and Jazz (Part One)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>By ALAN SMASON, Exclusive to <a title=\"SOURCE 5775\" href=\"https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/source-5775\/\">SOURCE 5775<\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"page\" title=\"Page 35\">\n<div class=\"section\">\n<div class=\"layoutArea\">\n<div class=\"column\">\n<p>While music historians generally agree\u00a0that jazz music\u00a0grew out of a confluence of European harmony and varying forms of music largely gleaned from the African-American experience including blue notes, improvisation and syncopation, little acknowledgment has been given to the influence of Jews in its development.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_19066\" style=\"width: 237px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a title=\"The Banjo\" href=\"https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Banjo.jpg\" target=\"_blank\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-19066\" class=\"wp-image-19066 size-medium lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Banjo-227x300.jpg\" alt=\"Banjo\" width=\"227\" height=\"300\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Banjo-227x300.jpg 227w, https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Banjo-776x1024.jpg 776w, https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Banjo.jpg 800w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 227px) 100vw, 227px\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 227px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 227\/300;\" \/><noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-19066\" class=\"wp-image-19066 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Banjo-227x300.jpg\" alt=\"Banjo\" width=\"227\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Banjo-227x300.jpg 227w, https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Banjo-776x1024.jpg 776w, https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Banjo.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 227px) 100vw, 227px\" \/><\/noscript><\/a><\/p>\n<p id=\"caption-attachment-19066\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Louis Moreau Gottschalk&#8217;s &#8220;The Banjo&#8221; (Op. 15) like his earlier work &#8220;Bamboula&#8221; (Op. 2) combined African rhythms with European sensibilities. (Ralston Crawford Collection of New Orleans Jazz Photography, Courtesy of the Hogan Jazz Archive, Tulane University)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>It turns out that <span style=\"font-style: italic;\">all <\/span>ethnic groups \u2013 Jews included \u2013 had\u00a0a profound influence on each other in the birthing process of jazz. This is true for the Irish, Italian, German, East European, Chinese, Caribbean and Mexican communities; Jews were no less influential.<\/p>\n<p>As to the earliest record\u00a0of Jewish influence on jazz, scholars point back to a much earlier and simpler time. Louis Moreau Gottschalk, the son of\u00a0a Jewish London banker and\u00a0a Creole woman, was born in New Orleans in 1829 and is considered the first American- born composer and performer of note.<\/p>\n<p>Hogan Jazz Archive curator Bruce Raeburn acknowledges Gottschalk\u2019s major African- Caribbean influence defined by the heavy percussion he heard as a youngster on Sunday afternoons in the many gatherings at Congo Square. Given the day off by their owners, these slaves drummed and danced to the native beats of their tribal traditions, encouraging each other to connect to their common heritage. Gottschalk\u2019s \u201cBamboula: Danse des negre\u0301s\u201d (Opus 2) is often seen as the definitive work of this genre and the first time that European sensibilities mixed with African rhythms.<\/p>\n<p>Raeburn has also cited his work \u201cThe Banjo\u201d (Opus 15), published in 1854, as exciting because of its incorporation for the first time of of West African rhythms and techniques of playing. Gottschalk transcribed the sounds of the banjo playing he had heard as a youth to the European instrument of the piano. No other piece in the ante-bellum period demonstrated the \u201cup-picking\u201d and \u201cdown strumming\u201d Gottschalk captured and it became one of his most popular pieces.<\/p>\n<div class=\"page\" title=\"Page 35\">\n<div class=\"section\">\n<div class=\"layoutArea\">\n<div class=\"column\">\n<div id=\"attachment_19063\" style=\"width: 240px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a title=\"Bruce Raeburn\" href=\"https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Bruce-Raeburn_edit.jpg\" target=\"_blank\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-19063\" class=\"wp-image-19063 size-medium lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Bruce-Raeburn_edit-230x300.jpg\" alt=\"Bruce Raeburn_edit\" width=\"230\" height=\"300\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Bruce-Raeburn_edit-230x300.jpg 230w, https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Bruce-Raeburn_edit-785x1024.jpg 785w, https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Bruce-Raeburn_edit.jpg 1050w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 230px) 100vw, 230px\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 230px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 230\/300;\" \/><noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-19063\" class=\"wp-image-19063 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Bruce-Raeburn_edit-230x300.jpg\" alt=\"Bruce Raeburn_edit\" width=\"230\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Bruce-Raeburn_edit-230x300.jpg 230w, https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Bruce-Raeburn_edit-785x1024.jpg 785w, https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Bruce-Raeburn_edit.jpg 1050w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 230px) 100vw, 230px\" \/><\/noscript><\/a><\/p>\n<p id=\"caption-attachment-19063\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bruce Raeburn, Tulane University&#8217;s Hogan Jazz Archives curator (Courtesy Hogan Jazz Archive)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>The Ragtime era that followed Reconstruction in the Crescent City laid the basis for the origins of jazz. According to a number of scholars, the many immigrant families who lived in and around the South Rampart Street corridor \u2013 many of them Jewish \u2013 had a profound impact on its development.<\/p>\n<p>In his book \u201cThe Empress\u00a0of Steak and the Gorilla Man,\u201d author Randy Fertel, the great- grandson of pawnbrokers and real estate titans Sam and Julia Fertel, recounts many of the events that took place during this musically rich and historically important period, especially as it related to his grandmother, Annie Fertel.<\/p>\n<p>According to her grandson, she grew up over the closed Fertel loan office at the corner\u00a0of Perdido and South Rampart. This was just across the street from where the pre-teen Louis Armstrong, who lived in a rooming house a few blocks away, had been arrested for discharging a firearm in public. That charge led the youngster to being sent off for discipline at the Colored Waif \u2019s Home for Boys.<\/p>\n<p>Following his re-integration into society a year and a half later, Armstrong made his way back\u00a0to South Rampart Street and listened to early jazz innovators like Joe \u201cKing\u201d Oliver and Kid Ory at nearby African-American lounges such as the Little Gem Saloon. Run by non-Jewish businessman Frank Dourroux, the Little Gem Saloon expanded its original space to take over the office leased by Izzy Itzkovich\u2019s Eagle Loan Company. Douroux renamed the new space as the Eagle Saloon and eventually\u00a0its name also extended to the remnants of Bolden\u2019s band, who hung out at the saloon.<\/p>\n<p>Ironically, the Little Gem building became home to the David Pailet Loan Company from 1926 to 1949, before it became another important musical haunt, Pete\u2019s Blue Heaven Lounge, from whence jazz funerals for the Zulu Social Aid and Pleasure Club would begin and end.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"column\">\n<div id=\"attachment_19062\" style=\"width: 267px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a title=\"Jack Stewart\" href=\"https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Jack_Stewart_edit.jpg\" target=\"_blank\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-19062\" class=\"wp-image-19062 size-medium lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Jack_Stewart_edit-257x300.jpg\" alt=\"Jack_Stewart_edit\" width=\"257\" height=\"300\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Jack_Stewart_edit-257x300.jpg 257w, https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Jack_Stewart_edit-877x1024.jpg 877w, https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Jack_Stewart_edit.jpg 1974w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 257px) 100vw, 257px\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 257px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 257\/300;\" \/><noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-19062\" class=\"wp-image-19062 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Jack_Stewart_edit-257x300.jpg\" alt=\"Jack_Stewart_edit\" width=\"257\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Jack_Stewart_edit-257x300.jpg 257w, https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Jack_Stewart_edit-877x1024.jpg 877w, https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Jack_Stewart_edit.jpg 1974w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 257px) 100vw, 257px\" \/><\/noscript><\/a><\/p>\n<p id=\"caption-attachment-19062\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Historian and author Jack Stewart at a Jewish music symposium in 2013. (Photo by Alan Smason)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Oliver was very familiar with Armstrong and took him on as a prote\u0301ge\u0301, eventually giving him his biggest break by inviting him to work in Chicago with his \u201cCreole Jazz Band\u201d in 1922.<\/p>\n<p>Meanwhile, the Jazz era had broken wide open following the release of the first jazz record<br \/>\nby the Original Dixieland Jazz Band (ODJB) in 1917, featuring trumpet player Nick LaRocca. None of the ODJB members were Jewish, although LaRocca was replaced years later by Jewish frontman Henry \u201cHot Lips\u201d Levine.<\/p>\n<p>Jewish musicians of the era began to establish themselves\u00a0as among the most talented and proficient of performers. Unlike a number of the jazz musicians who \u201cfaked\u201d their way through songs, many of the Jewish performers actually read musical notation.<\/p>\n<p>ODJB trombonist Edwin Edwards was quizzed in 1959 about his most memorable pre- ODJB jazz pairing and he cited an unusual group with whom he played. \u201c&#8230;the best jazz band I&#8230; was connected with was, Achille Baquet, clarinet; Mike Caplan was the cornet player; Bob Stein was the drummer; Joe Wolfe, pianist; and myself on trombone.\u201d Baquet was crossing racial lines by playing with Edwards and the other three, all Jewish musicians, who \u201ccould read music, improvise and play jazz too.\u201d<\/p>\n<div class=\"page\" title=\"Page 36\">\n<div class=\"section\">\n<div class=\"layoutArea\">\n<div class=\"column\">\n<p>Baquet and Edwards became celebrated jazz stars, but not their Jewish partners. Raeburn has speculated that their ability to read music may have kept them in demand and employed in a number of other \u201clegitimate\u201d musical enterprises outside of the realm of jazz.<\/p>\n<p>Indeed, Caplan was a highly regarded trumpeter and cornet player who played with society music orchestras and swing bands throughout the 1930s and 1940s, most notably that of Max Fink, the son of the original Rampart Street residents.<\/p>\n<p>Also of note were the Korn brothers \u2013 trombonist Marcus and clarinetist Montague \u201cMonty\u201d Korn. The sons of a colorful German rabbi who took his family to Poland, England and Scotland before emigrating to the United States, the Korns had fallen into obscurity until their careers were more recently rediscovered. Marcus Korn played with Caplan in a number of orchestras during his career, according to Stewart.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_19061\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a title=\"Johnny Wiggs\" href=\"https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Johnny_Wiggs.jpg\" target=\"_blank\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-19061\" class=\"wp-image-19061 size-medium lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Johnny_Wiggs-300x276.jpg\" alt=\"Johnny_Wiggs\" width=\"300\" height=\"276\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Johnny_Wiggs-300x276.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Johnny_Wiggs.jpg 1024w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 300px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 300\/276;\" \/><noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-19061\" class=\"wp-image-19061 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Johnny_Wiggs-300x276.jpg\" alt=\"Johnny_Wiggs\" width=\"300\" height=\"276\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Johnny_Wiggs-300x276.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Johnny_Wiggs.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/noscript><\/a><\/p>\n<p id=\"caption-attachment-19061\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jewish New Orleans jazz figure John Wigginton Hyman performed as Johnny Wiggs. (Courtesy of the Hogan Jazz Archive, Tulane University)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>One of the most important of Jewish New Orleans jazz figures was John Wigginton Hyman, who performed under the colorful stage name of Johnny Wiggs. Born into a very influential Jewish family, his father, William Bryan Hyman, was a son of the chief justice of the Louisiana Supreme Court and related to U.S. presidential perennial hopeful William Jennings Bryan.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"column\">\n<p>Originally a violinist, he allegedly switched to cornet after hearing King Oliver perform. Oliver became one of his mentors and he also was enamored of and actually played with Bix Beiderbecke on at least one date in 1928 after the Wigginton family moved to Ocean Springs, Mississippi.<\/p>\n<p>Early in his career in 1927, he performed with others in the group Johnny Hyman\u2019s Bayou Stompers. He became a music instructor and architectural drawing teacher for the Orleans Parish School Board and,<br \/>\nwhile teaching, was known as \u201cProfessor Hyman.\u201d Fearful of recrimination from school board officials, he always used his stage name for all his appearances.<\/p>\n<p>Among his contributions\u00a0to the local jazz scene, Wiggs was responsible for composing and popularizing \u201cCanal Street March,\u201d the official march of the City of New Orleans, and \u201cKing Zulu Parade.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>In 1948, the year before Armstrong returned to the city of his birth to be King of the Zulu parade, Wiggs founded the New Orleans Jazz Club. That alone may have been enough to remember him as an important jazz figure, but as a music instructor at John McDonough No. 38 Elementary School, he met and encouraged a young would-be clarinetist named Pete Fountain, who would turn out\u00a0to be one of the more important and well-known jazz artists of the latter half of the Twentieth Century.<\/p>\n<p>Faded now to the dustbin of history, John Kornfeld was cited by Raeburn as yet another Jewish player, who may have indirectly sparked the career of another celebrated traditional jazz clarinetist: Louis Cottrell. Cottrell\u2019s father \u2013 also named Louis, but who bore the appellation \u201cOld Man\u201d \u2013 was a friend of Kornfeld\u2019s. While the elder Cottrell could not afford music lessons, his buddy Kornfeld could, the younger Cottrell reminisced. Kornfeld would return from his instruction to share and teach his friend, Old Man, everything he had learned. The elder Cottrell became a professional musician and his famous son followed suit.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"column\">\n<p>Another early Jewish jazz musician, Romanian-born Charles Fischbein, is noted as a rarity of the day: a violinist and a band leader who led several different groups during the 1920s and who ended up fronting several jazz orchestras at posh nightclubs like the during the era of Prohibition.<\/p>\n<p>Fischbein was one of the more successful, but lesser known Jewish jazz musicians who played in various groups throughout the period of the 1920s and 1930s. Saxophonist David Winstein, who eventually became the head of the local American Federation of Musicians union, was another steady player who played jazz and society orchestra dates.<\/p>\n<p>Drummer Godfrey Hirsch, who later became a mainstay with Louis Prima\u2019s band, started out as a pianist with the Gulf Coast Serenaders, while Gene Meyer was the stage name for Meyer Weinberg, yet another popular Jewish saxophonist.<\/p>\n<p>These are just some of the regular Jewish players who benefited from the ability to read music and keep themselves pliant for whatever playing dates might pop up.<\/p>\n<p>Jews have also distinguished themselves in the field of documenting the history of jazz through descriptive words and pictorial exposition.<\/p>\n<p>Among the top photographers and cataloguers of jazz celebrities, three of the most prominent all lived and worked in New Orleans at one time or another: Al Rose, Herman Leonard and Jules Cahn.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_19060\" style=\"width: 305px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a title=\"Preservation Hall 1964\" href=\"https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/BBRRoseSJaffeWiggs-001-1.jpg\" target=\"_blank\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-19060\" class=\"wp-image-19060 size-medium lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/BBRRoseSJaffeWiggs-001-1-295x300.jpg\" alt=\"BBRRoseSJaffeWiggs 001 (1)\" width=\"295\" height=\"300\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/BBRRoseSJaffeWiggs-001-1-295x300.jpg 295w, https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/BBRRoseSJaffeWiggs-001-1-1008x1024.jpg 1008w, https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/BBRRoseSJaffeWiggs-001-1.jpg 1849w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 295px) 100vw, 295px\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 295px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 295\/300;\" \/><noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-19060\" class=\"wp-image-19060 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/BBRRoseSJaffeWiggs-001-1-295x300.jpg\" alt=\"BBRRoseSJaffeWiggs 001 (1)\" width=\"295\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/BBRRoseSJaffeWiggs-001-1-295x300.jpg 295w, https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/BBRRoseSJaffeWiggs-001-1-1008x1024.jpg 1008w, https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/BBRRoseSJaffeWiggs-001-1.jpg 1849w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 295px) 100vw, 295px\" \/><\/noscript><\/a><\/p>\n<p id=\"caption-attachment-19060\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photographer and jazz historian Al Rose, kneeling, with Sandra Jaffe, Bob Greene, Johnny Wiggs and &#8220;Papa&#8221; John Joseph in front of Preservation Hall, July of 1964. (Courtesy , Hogan Jazz Archive at Tulane University)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Rose, who also wrote a highly regarded study of the Storyville district, shot photos of nearly every major and minor jazz performer, oftentimes placing himself in the frame as his wife Diana took the shot.<\/p>\n<div class=\"page\" title=\"Page 37\">\n<div class=\"section\">\n<div class=\"layoutArea\">\n<div class=\"column\">\n<p>Rose\u2019s \u201cI Remember Jazz:\u00a0Six Decades Among the Great Jazzmen\u201d published in 1987 by LSU Press is a personal account dating back to the times he\u00a0first visited New Orleans in the decade of the 1930s. An earlier work written in 1984 with Dr. Edmond Souchon titled \u201cNew Orleans Jazz: A Family Album\u201d is also important because of\u00a0its record of historical jazz places. Rose, who never denied his Jewish heritage, also never revealed his real name, now known to just a handful of family members and his attorney.<\/p>\n<p>Leonard began his photographic career in the streets of New York and was responsible for capturing some of the most iconic photographs of performers during the bebop and cool jazz periods that stretched out from the 1940s and into the 1950s.<\/p>\n<p>After snapping hundreds of important shots of performers like Dexter Gordon, Billie Holiday, Miles Davis, Charlie Parker, Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington, Leonard left New York\u2019s Greenwich Village in 1956 and moved to Paris, where he snapped photos of important French cabaret stars and later lived in Ibiza and London. Following an exhibit of his work at the Gallery for Fine Photography, he so fell in love with the New Orleans culture and new opportunities for work that he moved to the city in 1991. Leonard lived here until Hurricane Katrina related flooding destroyed his home.<\/p>\n<p>Cahn, a member of a\u00a0wealthy New Orleans Jewish family made a point of taking photographs of jazz performers at every opportunity he could. His massive collection of photographs comprises the bulk of The Historic New Orleans Collection\u2019s of prized jazz works.<\/p>\n<p>Cahn began photographing \u201csecond line\u201d jazz parades in the 1950s as a young man. He was extremely well regarded by local performers and had 15 years experience at the time that the first New Orleans Jazz Festival, founded by Jewish promoter George Wein, started in 1970 at the former site of Congo Square adjacent to the New Orleans Municipal Auditorium.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"column\">\n<p>Until the time of his death in 1995, Cahn made every New Orleans Jazz and Heritage Festival he could and had access to all areas. Led by Dejan\u2019s Olympia Brass Band, Cahn\u2019s traditional jazz funeral was a major affair with participation by a number of parading organizations including the Young Men\u2019s Olympian Brass Band, Money Wasters and Zulu Social Aid and Pleasure Club organizations.<\/p>\n<p>Cahn and Rose were\u00a0close friends with two other important Jewish New Orleans families whose impact on the preservation of jazz is epic: the Borenstein and Jaffe families.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_19068\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a title=\"Larry Borenstein\" href=\"https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Borenstein_Larry.jpg\" target=\"_blank\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-19068\" class=\"wp-image-19068 size-medium lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Borenstein_Larry-300x215.jpg\" alt=\"Borenstein_Larry\" width=\"300\" height=\"215\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Borenstein_Larry-300x215.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Borenstein_Larry.jpg 1000w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 300px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 300\/215;\" \/><noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-19068\" class=\"wp-image-19068 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Borenstein_Larry-300x215.jpg\" alt=\"Borenstein_Larry\" width=\"300\" height=\"215\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Borenstein_Larry-300x215.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/Borenstein_Larry.jpg 1000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/noscript><\/a><\/p>\n<p id=\"caption-attachment-19068\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Larry Borenstein of art gallery fame. (Courtesy of the Hogan Jazz Archive, Tulane University)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Were it not for Associated Artist Galleries run by Larry Borenstein, the likelihood that traditional jazz would have died out due to lack of interest and that many of the more famous performers whose names are a part of the lexicon would have faded into obscurity is not that hard a stretch.<\/p>\n<p>Located at 726 St. Peter Street, Borenstein\u2019s gallery was a gathering place and cultural salon for jazz performers, visual artists and jazz enthusiasts. A native of Milwaukee, E. Lorenz Borenstein, reportedly a grand-nephew of Russian revolutionary Leon Trotsky, was a streetwise salesman, stamp collector and art vendor, who arrived in New Orleans on the very night of the Japanese attack on the American fleet\u00a0at Pearl Harbor, according to William Carter in his book \u201cPreservation Hall.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>At first Borenstein began\u00a0to work as a salesman, selling and collecting stamps, coins and foreign currency. Following a disastrous devaluation of\u00a0the British pound, he turned<br \/>\nto art as a means to provide a stable income and moved into the gallery in 1952 next to the famous Pat O\u2019Brien\u2019s bar. Borenstein found that he needed to be open late at night as spillover from the bar resulted in significant art sales. A lover of jazz, Borenstein couldn\u2019t travel to listen to the musicians play at their usual haunts, so he encouraged \u201crehearsals\u201d to be held at his place late at night. At first some white and black musicians would engage in jam sessions, but authorities and the local union both took a dim view of this.<\/p>\n<div class=\"page\" title=\"Page 38\">\n<div class=\"section\">\n<div class=\"layoutArea\">\n<div class=\"column\">\n<p>Borenstein would supply beer and pass a kitty to reward the performers for their time.<\/p>\n<p>Rose also recounts how Borenstein had one thing\u00a0most jazz performers desired on a regular basis: a rest room. New Orleans at that time had segregated facilities. Finding a place to relieve themselves was tough enough, but there was not problem at the art gallery.<\/p>\n<p>During the day, Borenstein would oftentimes offer a cool, refreshing glass of water as well. As Rose recounts about Lemon Nash in \u201cI Remember Jazz,\u201d \u201cHe\u2019d put his ukulele down, satisfy his immediate need, and then, to replay Larry\u2019s hospitality, he\u2019d play and sing a tune.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>A street player, Nash knew hundreds of pop tunes from the Twenties and would launch into song, hoping for a tip or to linger in a friendly clime. Eventually, he began to show up more regularly, according to Rose, and to bring along the likes of Kid Thomas, Harrison Verret, Noon Johnson and other jazz performers to help carry more than one tune.<\/p>\n<p>Regardless of this simplistic explanation, \u201cMr. Larry\u2019s gallery,\u201d as players referred to it, did become a beacon for players\u00a0and enthusiasts alike as George Lewis, \u201cSweet Emma\u201d Barrett, Punch Miller, Billie and DeDe Pierce and dozens of others \u2013started to drop by with more regularity.<\/p>\n<p>Gallery visitors began to reward the ensembles with more generous gratuities and word spread of the now nightly jam sessions. Eventually Borenstein moved his art facility to an adjacent facilty as the musicians moved in, but the enigmatic pegboard that decorated the walls and was used to hold up the original artwork at the facility remained.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"column\">\n<p>While Borenstein did have a temper, he was a very caring individual who would do all he could to help the downtrodden musicians who played at his gallery. He was soon joined by two young lovers of jazz, who took his original \u201crehearsals\u201d and transformed them into a worldwide institution.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_19065\" style=\"width: 218px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a title=\"Jaffes\" href=\"https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/jaffes3.jpg\" target=\"_blank\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-19065\" class=\"wp-image-19065 size-medium lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/jaffes3-208x300.jpg\" alt=\"jaffes[3]\" width=\"208\" height=\"300\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/jaffes3-208x300.jpg 208w, https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/jaffes3.jpg 653w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 208px) 100vw, 208px\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 208px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 208\/300;\" \/><noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-19065\" class=\"wp-image-19065 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/jaffes3-208x300.jpg\" alt=\"jaffes[3]\" width=\"208\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/jaffes3-208x300.jpg 208w, https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/jaffes3.jpg 653w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 208px) 100vw, 208px\" \/><\/noscript><\/a><\/p>\n<p id=\"caption-attachment-19065\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Jaffe family of Preservation Hall. (Courtesy of Preservation Hall)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Allan and Sandra Jaffe had allegedly met in a record store admiring the stacks of old jazz recordings, had fallen in love, married and then took allowed their first love of jazz to move them to the Crescent City for a stopover. Making acquaintances with several performers they met, the two were drawn to Borenstein\u2019s gallery and never really left except to pack their possessions and move permanently here.In the early days, Jaffe and\u00a0his wife spent much of their time converting the gallery \u2013 a gift from Borenstein to the Jaffes into a \u201ckitty hall,\u201d where musicians could play to their hearts\u2019 content in front of an audience and reap the benefits of remuneration. Allan Jaffe, a graduate of the University of Pennsylvania was\u00a0a businessman who had a vision and his vision was renamed Preservation Hall.<\/p>\n<p>Sandra Jaffe passed a basket around at night and the lines of patrons became even more steady. The crowds never diminished and the Jaffes made the upstairs their domicile, raising the roof with hot jazz and a son, Ben, in the process.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: rgb(7.838400%, 9.494400%, 9.798000%);\">\u201cI\u2019m not sure what it was about the music specifically that drew them to New Orleans,\u201d relates their son. \u201cBut I do know there was something about\u00a0the musicians and culture that resonated with them&#8230;they immediately felt that they were kindred spirits.\u201d <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: rgb(7.838400%, 9.494400%, 9.798000%);\">Many of the musicians began to regard the Jaffes as their own kin. Whenever one grew sick\u00a0or needed a hand, the idealistic\u00a0<\/span>couple paid medical bills and provided assistance, even taking care of burial costs in some cases.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"column\">\n<p><span style=\"color: rgb(7.838400%, 9.494400%, 9.798000%);\">Eventually, <\/span>Jaffe became quite a prominent tuba player himself and he would sit in with the veteran players, learning techniques at the hands of the originators of the jazz art form. Allan Jaffe formed a tight knit group of players who, beginning in 1963, toured Japan and<br \/>\nlater embarked on numerous international trips, helping\u00a0to bring sharp focus on the importance of the remaining musicians of the earlier era.<\/p>\n<p>Under Allan Jaffe\u2019s direction, they recorded dozens of albums over the Columbia and Sony Music labels garnering even more worldwide attention.<\/p>\n<p>The honeymoon ended when Allan Jaffe succumbed to the effects of cancer on March 10, 1987. He was only 51.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_19064\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a title=\"Ben Jaffe\" href=\"https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/ben-jaffe-30800-00087.jpg\" target=\"_blank\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-19064\" class=\"wp-image-19064 size-medium lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/ben-jaffe-30800-00087-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"ben jaffe 30800-0008[7]\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/ben-jaffe-30800-00087-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/ben-jaffe-30800-00087-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/ben-jaffe-30800-00087-1024x1024.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/ben-jaffe-30800-00087.jpg 1500w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 300px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 300\/300;\" \/><noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-19064\" class=\"wp-image-19064 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/ben-jaffe-30800-00087-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"ben jaffe 30800-0008[7]\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/ben-jaffe-30800-00087-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/ben-jaffe-30800-00087-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/ben-jaffe-30800-00087-1024x1024.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/10\/ben-jaffe-30800-00087.jpg 1500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/noscript><\/a><\/p>\n<p id=\"caption-attachment-19064\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ben Jaffe (Courtesy of Preservation Hall)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>By then Sandra Jaffe had already taken over the operations and was preparing young Ben to eventually take over for his father. Like his father, he also became\u00a0a proficient tubist and in more recent years has toured with the Preservation Hall Jazz Band as\u00a0its leader.The most recent Sony Music release is a definite departure for the group, whose ranks include a new generation of players like Clint Maedgen and Wendell Brunious. \u201cThat\u2019s It\u201d is the first instance where the band has produced original music.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: rgb(7.838400%, 9.494400%, 9.798000%);\">\u201cIn 2011 we celebrated Preservation Hall\u2019s 50<\/span><span style=\"color: rgb(7.838400%, 9.494400%, 9.798000%);\">th <\/span><span style=\"color: rgb(7.838400%, 9.494400%, 9.798000%);\">anniversary,\u201d Ben Jaffe reported. \u201cThe new album celebrates the next 50.\u201d <\/span><\/p>\n<p>The Jewish influence on jazz, as with other ethnic groups, is well documented. The legacy that Preservation Hall is ensuring with its new release\u00a0and worldwide tours continues<br \/>\na long line of Jewish influence from jazz\u2019s earliest days. As long as the art form exists, Jews will, no doubt, be an integral part of its workings and an essential part of its mix.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div style=\"padding-bottom:20px; padding-top:10px;\" class=\"hupso-share-buttons\"><!-- Hupso Share Buttons - https:\/\/www.hupso.com\/share\/ --><a class=\"hupso_toolbar\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hupso.com\/share\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/static.hupso.com\/share\/buttons\/share-medium.png\" style=\"border:0px; padding-top: 5px; float:left;\" alt=\"Share Button\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" class=\"lazyload\" \/><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/static.hupso.com\/share\/buttons\/share-medium.png\" style=\"border:0px; padding-top: 5px; float:left;\" alt=\"Share Button\"\/><\/noscript><\/a><script type=\"text\/javascript\">var hupso_services_t=new Array(\"Twitter\",\"Facebook\",\"Google Plus\",\"Pinterest\",\"Linkedin\",\"Tumblr\",\"Email\");var hupso_background_t=\"#EAF4FF\";var hupso_border_t=\"#66CCFF\";var hupso_toolbar_size_t=\"medium\";var hupso_image_folder_url = \"\";var hupso_url_t=\"\";var hupso_title_t=\"Jews%20and%20Jazz%20%28Part%20One%29\";<\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\" src=\"https:\/\/static.hupso.com\/share\/js\/share_toolbar.js\"><\/script><!-- Hupso Share Buttons --><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":19061,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[6204,6206,6200,6199,6202,6201,8871,8790,8795,891,6205,6203,8788,2621],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19056"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=19056"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19056\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":19070,"href":"https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19056\/revisions\/19070"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/19061"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=19056"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=19056"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.crescentcityjewishnews.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=19056"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}